The Striking Beauty of the Tiny Antillean Euphonia: Black Tail and Flight Feathers, Yellow Forehead, and Deep Violet Throat

The Antillean euphonia showcases a captivating blend of colors in its plumage. Its upper parts contrast with a black mantle and a glossy blue back, while the underparts, rump, and upper tail coverts shine in vibrant yellow. The tail, flight feathers, and general upper wing area present a striking black hue. Adding to its charm, the forehead adorns a warm yellow tone, while the lores, ear-coverts, sides of the head, chin, and throat dazzle in a deep violet shade. The crown and nape of the bird’s head are a serene sky blue, extending gracefully down to its throat. The Antillean euphonia’s bill is a rich black, its legs and feet a subtle gray, and its eyes radiate a gentle brown hue.

Birds of the World - Chlorophonia

In terms of sexual dimorphism, females in all groups of this species tend to have a lighter overall appearance. They possess yellow-greenish bodies and wings, along with a turquoise crown and nape. Their forehead is adorned with a charming patch of gold.

Birdwatchers of Puerto Rico - Jilguero Nombre en inglés: Antillean Euphonia Nombre científico: Euphonia musica Familia taxonómica: Fringillidae Río Grande,P.R.🇵🇷 | Facebook

These enchanting birds are found across the main islands of the Lesser Antilles, as well as in Hispaniola (the Dominican Republic and Haiti) and Puerto Rico.

Jilguero...Antillean Euphonia...Euphonia musica.... | Flickr

The Antillean euphonia thrives in a variety of habitats, ranging from lowlands to high mountains within its range. It frequents dry to humid forests, and is often observed along forest edges and in disturbed areas with mistletoe.

Chlorophonia musica, Antillean Euphonia

These birds have a preference for dining on small fruit, with a particular fondness for mistletoe berries. They forage in small flocks, flying from clump to clump, and expertly gather fruit while in flight or by perching.

Puerto Rican Euphonia - eBird

During the breeding season, which spans from January to July, these birds construct domed-shaped nests using moss and small rootlets. The nest’s entrance is situated on the side, offering excellent camouflage amidst vegetation, especially in epiphytes. The nest is lined with dried grass and pieces of vegetation, within which 3 to 4 white eggs with red to brown markings are laid. Incubation duties are shared by both parents, with the female taking on the majority of the responsibility. The young are nurtured by both parents and typically fledge after 17 to 24 days.

Birds of the World - Chlorophonia

While the overall population is suspected to be stable, localized declines might occur depending on the range and subspecies distribution. The Antillean euphonia’s exquisite beauty and distinctive behaviors make it a cherished avian gem that adds to the rich tapestry of the natural world.

Puerto Rican Euphonia - Chlorophonia sclateri - Birds of the World

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